The direct impact of climate change on human health can be manifested in the form of: stress due to changes in climate variables, heat disorders, changes in immune response and cataracts. Indirect impact of increased disease carried by mosquitoes because of changes in farming practices, increased incidence of nutritional deficiencies that cause increased frequency of tuberculosis (TB), measles and bubonic plague, the increase in vector borne disease caused by poor sanitation and disease carried by water caused by the increased frequency and magnitude of floods and droughts.
WHO Report (2002) concluded that climate change is causing increased cases of diarrhea 2.4% and 6% of cases of malaria in the world in 2000. The El-Nino in 1997-1998 can be used as measuring how about the impact that the earth is getting hot on public health. In the span of two years, El Nino linked to an increased incidence of malaria and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF).
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Climate change becomes a distinct trend in many circles to this day, ranging from student groups assigned by his teacher to seek knowledge about climate change, until a group of students who make a simple talk about climate change.
As we known climate change caused by global warming, while depleting the ozone layer, and increasing greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, the solar heat trapped in the surface layer of the earth. Earth’s surface temperature has increased. then later, there was a melting polar ice caps and various top of the world, to make sea levels rise.
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The impact of global warming is very serious and real increasingly influential in our daily lives. Rising global temperatures caused ice sheets in Antarctica and Greenland dwindling and causing sea levels rising.
Policies and strategic programs related to adaptation and mitigation of global warming made by the government and the community need to be socialized and discussed together. The strategy that we do now in the face of global warming will determine the quality of our environment in the future. Our failure in the handling of global warming today will confront future generations on the disaster that can not be overcome.
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Adaptation is now unavoidable, given the observed impacts on biodiversity and those sure to come given the committed climate change already in the pipeline. Many tools and strategies for adapting biodiversity conservation to a changing climate are rapidly being developed and are beginning to be deployed.
In exploring the limits to adaptive capacity, several important constraints to adaptation need to be considered, including the fundamental fact that many adaptation approaches may be costly and thus require widespread community support to be implemented, support that does not yet exist. Perhaps an even more fundamental constraint is the daunting lack of knowledge of how complex systems like natural ecosystems respond to multiple, interacting stresses and to particular management activities.
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In many cases, it is difficult to attribute changes in biodiversity directly to the impacts of climate change because so many other stressors are already affecting biodiversity. For example, 45% of European bird species are experiencing population declines and 48% of bird species in the United States are of conservation concern.
Over 20% of the 5000 mammal species worldwide are already threatened with extinction. Over the past two centuries on the
continent of Australia, over 50% of mammalian species have gone extinct in south-central Australia and over 30% in most of the rest of the continent; 49 species of vascular plants have become extinct (compared to 27 for the whole of Europe); and many other species of plants, mammals and reptiles have reached such low numbers that they are functionally extinct; that is, they cannot play their previous functional role in ecosystems.
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